Chapter 5. Conclusions
This project is ongoing at Colorado State University to study road dust suppressants with the objective of measuring the relative effectiveness in this semiarid region as well as any water quality degradation resulting from this useage. Five test sections are being evaluated in this research project - four treated and one untreated, which serve as control. The four dust suppressing compounds used are: Calcium Lignosulfate, Calcium Chloride, Magnesium Chloride and Calcium Chloride special.
The following conclusions can be drawn thus far:
- Dust measurements from all the five test sections indicate that the treated sections produce less dust than the untreated section.
- The lignin based suppressant appears to perform better than the other suppressants.
- Water quality analysis indicate suppressants concentrations in runoff samples from the treated road surfaces.
- The Colorado State University Dustometer, a dust measuring device, developed and used in this comparative study is a portable, quantitative and precise research tool which can be used in future dust studies.
The data analyses is still ongoing and in the final report all detail analysis will be presented.
References
Becker, D.C., Quantifying the Environmental Impact of Particulate Deposition from Dry Unpaved Roadways. Unpublished M.S. Thesis, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 1978
Blanc, T.R. Lignosulfonate Stabilization. Presented at the ARTBA-NACE National Conference Local Transportation, Des Moines, Iowa, August 1975.
Colorado Transportation Information Center, Bulletin #1, Maintaining Gravel Roads. Dept. of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins Co, March 1989.
Colorado Transportation Information Center, Bulletin #3, Road Dust Suppressants. Dept. of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins Co, March 1989.
Colorado Transportation Information Center, Bulletin #5, When to Pave a Gravel Road. Dept. of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins Co, March 1989.
Hoover, J.M., Fox, D.E., Lustig, M.T., and Pitt, J.M. Mission-Oriented Dust Control and Surface Improvement Processes for Unpaved Roads. Final Report, Iowa Highway Research Board Project, H-194 1981.
Hoover, J.M., Bergeson, K.L., Fox, D.E., Denny, C.K., and Handy, R.L., Surface Improvement and Dust Palliation of Unpaved Secondary Roads and Streets. Final Report, Iowa Highway Research Board Project, HR- 151, 1973.
Irwin, L.H., Taylor, D.J., and Aneshansley D.J. Device to Measure Road Dustiness on Aggregate Surfaced Roads. Cornell Local Roads Program Report 86-5. Dept. of Agricultural Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY. September 1986.
Larkin Laboratory, Calcium Chloride and Magnesium Chloride for Dust Control. 1691 N. Swede Rd. Midland Michigan 48640, 1986.
Langdon, B.B., Dust Volume Sampler Documentation. USDA Forest Service Study, Mount Hood National Forest, 1984.
Mckee, H.C., Ambient Air Quality Standards for Particulate. American Petroleum Institute, New York, 1969.
Reyier, J.W., A Comparison Between Calcium Chloride and Magnesium Chloride as Dust-Binding Agents on Gravel Roads. Royal Institute of Technology. Tack 70 S-10044, Stockholm, Sweden, 1972.
Roberts, J.W., Cost and Benefits of Road Dust Control in Seattle's Industrial Valley. Journal of the Air Pollution Association, vol 25, # 9.
Robinson, E., and Robbins, R.C. Emissions, Concentrations and Rate of Particulate Atmospheric Pollutants. American Petroleum Institute. Washington D.C. Report 4076, 1971
The Rural Transportation FACT SHEET # 84-02, Controlling Dust on Unpaved Roads. Transportation Center, University of Kansas Lawrence, Kansas 66045. May 1984.
United Nations, Fine Particulate Pollution. New York. Pergamon Press, 1979
USDA Forest Service, What the Forest Service Does. May 1983
U.S. Dept of Transportation, America's Highways, 1776-1976.
Federal Highway Administration Washington 1976.
Wellman, E.A., and Barraclough, S. Establishment of Acceptable Dusting Criteria for Aggregate Surface Roads. USDA Forest Service Administration Study 7110, Winema National Forest, 1972.
Woods, K.B. Highway Engineering Handbook, First Edition McGraw- Hill, 1960.
|